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Migratory ethnogenesis in the Ecuadorian Amazon: 1963-1979, an "extract" from the development crisis in Ecuador

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2023: Número especial. El lugar de la cultura en las crisis y transformaciones sociales y políticas en la América Latina del siglo XXI. Construyendo saberes latinoamericanos e interdisciplinarios desde los estudios doctorales
https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-4862.2023.73071

Abstract

The Amazon reflects very particular forms of action in the face of the developmental crisis unleashed from the modernization of the Ecuadorian State in the period of military dictatorships that occurred between 1963 and 1979. The singularities of the Amazon, in this Ecuadorian case, show not only the agency of the State as a promoter of oil extractivism that would allow national modernization, but also the agency of the peoples involved in this frame, for which I take the case of the Kichwa Canelo people. Certainly, the cultural power of the Amazonian peoples was very important when directing modernization, since without the acceptance of these peoples it would have been impossible to implement developmentalism. In the implementation of developmentalism in Ecuador, the most critical episodes occurred in the recomposition of a localist social fabric that depended on the continuity of the cultural structures of the peoples involved, both in the creation of cities and in the foundation of communities. Thus, the cities near the oil wells had to maintain the administrative dynamics of the Amazon, while the communities had to supply the cities without neglecting their subsistence. The territorial reorganization would bring changes and continuities in the populations, which would signify a process of cultural transition in a period plagued by dictatorial developmentalist promises, conflicting colonization programs and inconclusive agrarian reforms that would position the control and power of the State.

Keywords:

Amazon, crisis, development, ethnogenesis, migration

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How to Cite
Terán, F. (2023). Migratory ethnogenesis in the Ecuadorian Amazon: 1963-1979, an "extract" from the development crisis in Ecuador. Meridional. Revista Chilena De Estudios Latinoamericanos, 251–292. https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-4862.2023.73071
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Meridional. Revista Chilena de Estudios Latinoamericanos
Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Universidad de Chile
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